Twollow
  • Tech
    internet provider

    Bravo Telecom: How Montreal’s Internet Providers Ensure Resilient Telecom Services

    How Does OCR Technology Ease Data Entry Work

    How Does OCR Technology Ease Data Entry Work?

    Social Media APIs

    Harnessing Social Media APIs to Unlock the Power of Digital Connections

    medical call center

    Essential Tips to Improve Engagement for Private Podcasts

    How to Transfer Photos From iPhone to Mac Without USB

    6 Ways How to Transfer Photos From iPhone to Mac Without USB

    Best Camera Accessories You Should Get

    Best Camera Accessories You Should Get

    AC filter

    4 reasons to change your AC filters regularly

    HOS ELD Mandate

    What is an ELD? What is a HOS ELD Mandate? 

    UX designers

    Which Tech Career is Right for You?

  • Apps
    News Mobile App

    Best Practices For Creating Engaging News Mobile App

    app development

    InsiderTech No:1 Web Application Development

    Efficient Hosting Solutions

    Why Businesses Should Use Highly Efficient Hosting Solutions for Their Sites

    How To Build Android Apps With Node JS Using Android JS

    How To Build Android Apps With Node JS Using Android JS

    Is Powerapps Service The Future Of App Development?

    How To Make Night In Little Alchemy

    How To Make Night In Little Alchemy?

    How To Make Light In Little Alchemy

    How To Make Light In Little Alchemy?

    How To Make Glass In Little Alchemy

    How To Make Glass In Little Alchemy?

    How to Make a Blade in Little Alchemy

    How to Make a Blade in Little Alchemy?

  • How To
    unit trusts

    How to Invest in Singapore Unit Trusts

    How To Unlock All Gun Skins in free Fire With Lulubox

    How To Unlock All Gun Skins in free Fire With Lulubox

    solar panels

    Common Solar Panel Concerns and How to Deal With Them

    imei number

    How to Check IMEI Number?

    bong

    How do you manufacture a bong?

    Central heating

    DIY Guide: How To Install A Designer Radiator

    website

    Things That Might Be Wrong With Your Website And How To Fix Them

    design a business logo

    How to Design a Successful Business Logo

    How Live Streaming works

    How Live Streaming works – Everything You Need to Know

  • Business
    • All
    • Finance
    Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

    How to Choose the Right Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

    Successful Online Business

    What Are The Basic Requirements For A Successful Online Business?

    bitcoin

    Experience the Convenience of a Bitcoin Wallet App!‍

    Close up of a young woman working from home

    The Benefits of RMM Software for IT Managed Services

    Physical Gold

    Can You Hold Physical Gold in an IRA?

    Resources To Help Black-Owned Small Businesses

    5 Resources To Help Black-Owned Small Businesses

    Tips to Keep Your Chicago Business Secure

    Tips to Keep Your Chicago Business Secure

    right web development team

    How to Build the Right Web Development Team for the Next Project?

    supply chain design

    Ways To Keep Supply Chain Sustainable

  • Marketing
    Strategies for Surviving the Ups and Downs of the Market

    Strategies for Surviving the Ups and Downs of the Market!

    Types of Content to Post on Instagram

    Types of Content to Post on Instagram

    SMM Panel

    Why Groom Insta is the Best SMM Panel Worldwide for Social Media Marketers

    How Technology Helps Companies Sales Department

    How Technology Helps Companies Sales Department

    Free Templates

    The Trap of Free Templates: Are Cookie-Cutter WordPress Websites Really Enough?

    Create a Twitter Marketing Strategy

    Get Seen: A 7-Step Plan on How to Create a Twitter Marketing Strategy

    How to Successfully Market a Medical Device

    How to Successfully Market a Medical Device

    video making

    How to use Stock Videos in Commercial Projects?

    social media results

    How to Connect with Other Businesses on Social Media

  • General
    Construction Management

    The Nitty Gritty of Construction Management: What You Need to Know Before Applying

    What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

    What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

    Unblocked Games WTF

    Unblocked Games WTF – Slope, Drift Hunters, Minecraft and 1v1 lol

    Yamaha Motorcycle OEM Engine Parts

    3 Key Yamaha Motorcycle OEM Engine Parts

    lawsuit against Tylenol

    The class action lawsuit against Tylenol

    wearing motorcycle jacket while riding

    5 Types Of Motorcycle Jackets For Riding

    AI

    5 Benefits of Intelligent Construction Sequencing

    people in the world are on the edge of hunger

    47 million people in the world are on the edge of hunger

    Crystal Smoking Pipes

    Top 4 Healing Properties Of Crystal Smoking Pipes That You Must Know

  • Reviews
    Development of Cryptocurrency

    A Crypto.com Overview

    Ophthalmology eyesight examination

    Red Light Therapy Devices for Eyes: Where to Buy

    text to speech

    Best Text to Speech Converters Reviewed

    air purifier

    Where Can You Find the Best Air Cleaner Pro Reviews?

    How to Choose a Cheap Hosting

    Liquid Web Reviews: A Look At A Reliable Hosting Company

    Ionic Training

    Get Ionic Training and Improve Your Career Options

    Learning Experience

    Salesforce DX myTrailhead to Customize the Learning Experience

    Best Web Hosting Services

    10 Best Web Hosting Services 2018

    Honey Chrome Extension Review

    Honey Chrome Extension Review – Is It Scam Or Real?

  • Featured
No Result
View All Result
  • Tech
    internet provider

    Bravo Telecom: How Montreal’s Internet Providers Ensure Resilient Telecom Services

    How Does OCR Technology Ease Data Entry Work

    How Does OCR Technology Ease Data Entry Work?

    Social Media APIs

    Harnessing Social Media APIs to Unlock the Power of Digital Connections

    medical call center

    Essential Tips to Improve Engagement for Private Podcasts

    How to Transfer Photos From iPhone to Mac Without USB

    6 Ways How to Transfer Photos From iPhone to Mac Without USB

    Best Camera Accessories You Should Get

    Best Camera Accessories You Should Get

    AC filter

    4 reasons to change your AC filters regularly

    HOS ELD Mandate

    What is an ELD? What is a HOS ELD Mandate? 

    UX designers

    Which Tech Career is Right for You?

  • Apps
    News Mobile App

    Best Practices For Creating Engaging News Mobile App

    app development

    InsiderTech No:1 Web Application Development

    Efficient Hosting Solutions

    Why Businesses Should Use Highly Efficient Hosting Solutions for Their Sites

    How To Build Android Apps With Node JS Using Android JS

    How To Build Android Apps With Node JS Using Android JS

    Is Powerapps Service The Future Of App Development?

    How To Make Night In Little Alchemy

    How To Make Night In Little Alchemy?

    How To Make Light In Little Alchemy

    How To Make Light In Little Alchemy?

    How To Make Glass In Little Alchemy

    How To Make Glass In Little Alchemy?

    How to Make a Blade in Little Alchemy

    How to Make a Blade in Little Alchemy?

  • How To
    unit trusts

    How to Invest in Singapore Unit Trusts

    How To Unlock All Gun Skins in free Fire With Lulubox

    How To Unlock All Gun Skins in free Fire With Lulubox

    solar panels

    Common Solar Panel Concerns and How to Deal With Them

    imei number

    How to Check IMEI Number?

    bong

    How do you manufacture a bong?

    Central heating

    DIY Guide: How To Install A Designer Radiator

    website

    Things That Might Be Wrong With Your Website And How To Fix Them

    design a business logo

    How to Design a Successful Business Logo

    How Live Streaming works

    How Live Streaming works – Everything You Need to Know

  • Business
    • All
    • Finance
    Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

    How to Choose the Right Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

    Successful Online Business

    What Are The Basic Requirements For A Successful Online Business?

    bitcoin

    Experience the Convenience of a Bitcoin Wallet App!‍

    Close up of a young woman working from home

    The Benefits of RMM Software for IT Managed Services

    Physical Gold

    Can You Hold Physical Gold in an IRA?

    Resources To Help Black-Owned Small Businesses

    5 Resources To Help Black-Owned Small Businesses

    Tips to Keep Your Chicago Business Secure

    Tips to Keep Your Chicago Business Secure

    right web development team

    How to Build the Right Web Development Team for the Next Project?

    supply chain design

    Ways To Keep Supply Chain Sustainable

  • Marketing
    Strategies for Surviving the Ups and Downs of the Market

    Strategies for Surviving the Ups and Downs of the Market!

    Types of Content to Post on Instagram

    Types of Content to Post on Instagram

    SMM Panel

    Why Groom Insta is the Best SMM Panel Worldwide for Social Media Marketers

    How Technology Helps Companies Sales Department

    How Technology Helps Companies Sales Department

    Free Templates

    The Trap of Free Templates: Are Cookie-Cutter WordPress Websites Really Enough?

    Create a Twitter Marketing Strategy

    Get Seen: A 7-Step Plan on How to Create a Twitter Marketing Strategy

    How to Successfully Market a Medical Device

    How to Successfully Market a Medical Device

    video making

    How to use Stock Videos in Commercial Projects?

    social media results

    How to Connect with Other Businesses on Social Media

  • General
    Construction Management

    The Nitty Gritty of Construction Management: What You Need to Know Before Applying

    What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

    What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

    Unblocked Games WTF

    Unblocked Games WTF – Slope, Drift Hunters, Minecraft and 1v1 lol

    Yamaha Motorcycle OEM Engine Parts

    3 Key Yamaha Motorcycle OEM Engine Parts

    lawsuit against Tylenol

    The class action lawsuit against Tylenol

    wearing motorcycle jacket while riding

    5 Types Of Motorcycle Jackets For Riding

    AI

    5 Benefits of Intelligent Construction Sequencing

    people in the world are on the edge of hunger

    47 million people in the world are on the edge of hunger

    Crystal Smoking Pipes

    Top 4 Healing Properties Of Crystal Smoking Pipes That You Must Know

  • Reviews
    Development of Cryptocurrency

    A Crypto.com Overview

    Ophthalmology eyesight examination

    Red Light Therapy Devices for Eyes: Where to Buy

    text to speech

    Best Text to Speech Converters Reviewed

    air purifier

    Where Can You Find the Best Air Cleaner Pro Reviews?

    How to Choose a Cheap Hosting

    Liquid Web Reviews: A Look At A Reliable Hosting Company

    Ionic Training

    Get Ionic Training and Improve Your Career Options

    Learning Experience

    Salesforce DX myTrailhead to Customize the Learning Experience

    Best Web Hosting Services

    10 Best Web Hosting Services 2018

    Honey Chrome Extension Review

    Honey Chrome Extension Review – Is It Scam Or Real?

  • Featured
No Result
View All Result
Twollow
No Result
View All Result

Protein Expression Systems: A Better Understanding and Comparisons

by John Morris
October 28, 2021 - Updated on March 16, 2022
0
Protein Expression
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Expression systems are genetic constructs designed to produce a protein. These consist of genes encoded by the DNA, facilitating medical research and furthering commercial production of therapeutics. To synthesize a particular protein, the DNA must be transcribed into RNA, which is then further translated into polypeptide chains that make up the primary structure of proteins. The process of synthesizing proteins from RNA along with bringing in modifications to it is commonly highlighted under the process of protein expression systems. 

Understanding Protein Expression Systems

So, what are protein expression systems, and how are they relevant in today’s medical industry? 

In the simplest of words, protein expressions refer to how proteins are synthesized, modified, and regulated in living organisms. Doing this is extremely crucial in investigating the function, structure, and utility of various proteins of interest. 

The general strategy adopted for protein expression consists of transfecting cells with DNA templates and letting these cells translate the protein of interest. The process of the protein expression system depends entirely on the protein of interest, the quantity of protein of interest, and the application of protein of interest. 

Protein Construction Using Recombinant Proteins 

Not familiar with how proteins are constructed? It sounds easier than it is. Through a chemical synthesis process utilizing artificially generated protein templates, which are better known as “recombinant proteins”, living organisms are manipulated to build proteins based on the given genetic information, supplied in the form of DNA. The gene is isolated and cloned, after which the process of transfection of host cells with a DNA vector takes place. As a result, host cells produce proteins of interest. 

Through the process, a variety of proteins of interest are produced. However, these are expressed in the form of other organisms. These include yeast, bacteria, insect, and animal cells. Due to the difference in the organism, some notable issues arise during the expression’s overview. Conversely, such problems are worked around using the right system for the specific application. For example, genes for recombinant proteins are often altered and tweaked to make the protein more stable. Similarly, regulating the rate at which the recombinant proteins are reproduced is another way of overcoming the challenges at hand.

The inclusion of recombinant protein expression technology has certainly revolutionized all aspects of life sciences. Many credible organizations have taken it upon themselves to develop advanced protein expressions, such as Trichoderma Reesei, a strain that can completely transform tens of industries across the globe, from the textile industry to the agricultural sector. Hence, it is essential to carefully choose the expression system to stay far from the confronts of the process.  

Analyzing the Main Expression Systems 

 

Diving deeper into the variety of expression systems, we will highlight the following four central systems for the expression of recombinant proteins: 

Bacterial Expression Systems 

Quite often, investigators keep bacterial expression systems as the first choice for the production of recombinant proteins. Also known as E. Coli protein expression systems, bacterial expressions are well-utilized, especially when it comes to larger samples. A fast growth of bacteria and rapid biomass accumulation, paired with low production cost, gives a robust analysis. Using bacterial expression systems assists in the wide high-quality application, ranging from antibody generation to protein interaction research. 

However, much like all expression systems, some obstacles prevent complete reliance on bacterial expression systems. These obstacles include quality concerns with larger, more complex protein structures. In such cases, other expression systems are recommended. 

Common Application:

  • Structural and functional analysis. 
  • Antibody generation. 
  • Protein interaction.

Yeast Expression Systems 

Scientifically highlighted as Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, yeast expression systems are another highly developed, advanced genetic system consisting of reduced time input, highly affordable production cost, and ease of use when producing recombinant proteins. 

If you know a thing or two about these microorganisms, you might be familiar with the fact that yeasts can carry plasmids. This quality makes it extremely easy for the expression system to insert the gene sequence of interest, producing the desired protein without harmful encounters to protein production. Plus, it is extremely easy to scale up production when using yeast expression systems. 

Such suitable characteristics certainly make it every investigator’s next best alternative to use during the production of recombinant proteins.

Common Applications

  • Structural and functional analysis.
  • Antibody generation. 
  • Protein interaction. 

Mammalian Cell Expression Systems 

Another popular method for expressing recombinant proteins is the mammalian cell expression system. While many researchers are not fully convinced with the delayed outcomes of this process, including reduced efficiency and low levels of proteins expressed, the method is still utilized in some circumstances. 

To make the expression system stronger, cell lines like HEK293 and CHO have been developed for stable expression and transient upshots. HEK293 assists in transfecting, using liposomes and calcium. Similarly, CHO is used for expressing larger quantities of recombinant proteins. Nonetheless, it can be somewhat difficult scaling up the mammalian cell expression system, regardless if the cell line is used for aiding the overall process. The expansion process may or may not roughly take three months.  

Common Application:

  • Functional and structural analysis. 
  • Antibody production and virus production. 
  • Expression of complex proteins. 

Insect Cell Expression Systems

When all else fails, cell lines derived from insect cells, including Spodoptera Frugiperda, Sf9, and Sf21 are commonly used as recombinant protein expression systems. These can be highly expressed during the last phases of the lytic cycle before cell lysis, making them suitable to generate cytoplasmic proteins and secreted proteins. The production of more than one protein of interest makes this expression system foolproof when compared head-on with the rest. 

Common Application:

  • Expression of protein complexes. 
  • Expression of intracellular proteins. 
  • Virus production.  

Now that you are familiar with what protein expression systems are, what their common application is, and how they compare with each other, it will be much easier for you to overview the various alternatives you have at hand when choosing the right expression system for your study. Having an in-depth understanding of the main expression systems can give you a definitive edge in streamlining your research as a core investigator.

John Morris

John Morris

He is a tech enthusiast who loves to be updated with the latest industry trends. As a writer, his favorite area of writing is Tech, Mobile apps, Business, and Reviews.

Related Posts

Construction Management
General

The Nitty Gritty of Construction Management: What You Need to Know Before Applying

If you’ve spent a few years in the construction industry, or perhaps you have a qualification and you’re looking to...

by John Morris
February 3, 2023
What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment
General

What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

Your teeth are part of your body; hence your dental health is just as crucial as your overall physical well-being....

by John Morris
February 3, 2023
Unblocked Games WTF
General

Unblocked Games WTF – Slope, Drift Hunters, Minecraft and 1v1 lol

Unblocked Games WTF is a platform dedicated to providing access to online games that have been unblocked from internet filters...

by Tom Fogden
February 2, 2023
Yamaha Motorcycle OEM Engine Parts
General

3 Key Yamaha Motorcycle OEM Engine Parts

Are you looking for the best quality OEM parts for your Yamaha motorcycle? Whether you’re a veteran rider or just...

by John Morris
January 31, 2023

Recommended

Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

How to Choose the Right Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

February 4, 2023
Construction Management

The Nitty Gritty of Construction Management: What You Need to Know Before Applying

February 3, 2023
What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

February 3, 2023

Who We Are

Twollow is one of the leading tech and business blogs, that is dedicated towards updated Technology & Business news, reviews, Apps, how-to, smart tricks, and tweaks.

Follow Us

  • Facebook

Categories

  • Apps
  • Business
  • Education
  • Featured
  • Finance
  • General
  • How To
  • Marketing
  • Reviews
  • Security
  • Tech
  • Uncategorized

Top Posts & Pages

  • 100+ Free Premium Minecraft Accounts & Passwords (Tested 2023)
    100+ Free Premium Minecraft Accounts & Passwords (Tested 2023)
  • Damon Salvatore Rule 34: Everything You Need To Know 
    Damon Salvatore Rule 34: Everything You Need To Know 
  • How to Get Free Virtual Phone Number for WhatsApp Installation
    How to Get Free Virtual Phone Number for WhatsApp Installation
  • Unblocked Games WTF - Slope, Drift Hunters, Minecraft and 1v1 lol
    Unblocked Games WTF - Slope, Drift Hunters, Minecraft and 1v1 lol
Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

How to Choose the Right Ecommerce Platform for Your Business

February 4, 2023
Construction Management

The Nitty Gritty of Construction Management: What You Need to Know Before Applying

February 3, 2023
What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

What Is Early Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment

February 3, 2023
  • About Us
  • Contact Us
  • Terms of Use
  • Privacy Policy
  • Disclaimer
  • Cookie Privacy Policy

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Security